ParaMonte Fortran 2.0.0
Parallel Monte Carlo and Machine Learning Library
See the latest version documentation.
pm_mathGammaNR::setGammaIncUppContFracNR Interface Reference

Return the regularized Upper Incomplete Gamma function for the specified lower limit x and shape parameter, evaluated by the Legendre continued fraction representation of the Incomplete Gamma function. More...

Detailed Description

Return the regularized Upper Incomplete Gamma function for the specified lower limit x and shape parameter, evaluated by the Legendre continued fraction representation of the Incomplete Gamma function.

The regularized Upper Incomplete Gamma function is defined as,

\begin{equation} \large Q(\kappa, x) = \frac{1}{\Gamma(\kappa)} \int_x^{+\infty}~t^{\kappa-1}{\mathrm e}^{-t} ~ dt ~, \end{equation}

where \((\kappa > 0, x > 0)\) are respectively the shape parameter of the Gamma function (or distribution) and the lower limit in the integral of the Upper Incomplete Gamma function.
By definition, the Upper Incomplete Gamma function is always positive.

Parameters
[out]gammaIncUpp: The input scalar of the same type and kind as the input x, representing the regularized Upper Incomplete Gamma function.
[in]x: The input scalar of type real of kind any supported by the processor (e.g., RK, RK32, RK64, or RK128), representing the lower limit in the integral of the Upper Incomplete Gamma function.
[in]logGammaKappa: The input scalar the same type and kind as the input x, representing the precomputed \(\log(\Gamma(\kappa))\) which can be computed by calling the Fortran intrinsic function log_gamma(kappa).
[in]kappa: The input scalar of the same type and kind as the input x, representing the shape parameter ( \(\kappa\)) of the Upper Incomplete Gamma function.
[out]info: The input scalar or array of the same shape as other input arguments of type integer of default kind IK.
On output, it is set to (positive) number of iterations taken for the Legendre continued fraction representation to converge or its negative if the Legendre continued fraction representation fails to converge.
A convergence failure could happen if the input value for kappa is too large.
A negative value implies the lack of convergence.
[in]tol: The input scalar of the same type and kind as x, representing the relative accuracy in the convergence checking of the Legendre continued fraction representation of the Gamma function.
(optional, default = 10 * epsilon(x)).


Possible calling interfaces

gammaIncLow = setGammaIncUppContFracNR(gammaIncUpp, x, logGammaKappa, kappa, info, tol = tol)
Return the regularized Upper Incomplete Gamma function for the specified lower limit x and shape para...
This module contains procedures and generic interfaces for the Lower and Upper Incomplete Gamma funct...
Warning
The kappa and x input arguments must be positive real numbers with logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa) where log_gamma() is a Fortran intrinsic function.
Furthermore, tol << 1. must hold, if it is present as an input argument.
These conditions are verified only if the library is built with the preprocessor macro CHECK_ENABLED=1.
The pure procedure(s) documented herein become impure when the ParaMonte library is compiled with preprocessor macro CHECK_ENABLED=1.
By default, these procedures are pure in release build and impure in debug and testing builds.
Remarks
The procedures under discussion are elemental.
These procedures are particularly useful and needed in computing the PDF of the Gamma and related distributions.
The logic behind pre-computing and passing logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa) is to speed up the calculations since log_gamma() is computationally expensive and its recomputation can be avoided in repeated calls to setGammaIncUppContFracNR with the same shape parameter but different x values.
See also
getGammaIncLowNR
getGammaIncUppNR
setGammaIncLowNR
setGammaIncUppNR
setGammaIncLowSeriesNR
See also The Numerical Recipes by Press et al. 1992 for further details about the Incomplete Gamma function.


Example usage

1program example
2
3 use pm_kind, only: SK
4 use pm_kind, only: IK
5 use pm_kind, only: LK
6 use pm_kind, only: RKS, RKD, RKH
7 use pm_io, only: display_type
9
10 implicit none
11
12 integer(IK) , parameter :: NP = 1000_IK
13 real(RKH) :: gamIncUpp_RKH, x_RKH, kappa_RKH
14 real(RKD) :: gamIncUpp_RKD, x_RKD, kappa_RKD
15 real(RKS) :: gamIncUpp_RKS, x_RKS, kappa_RKS
16 integer(IK) :: info
17
18 type(display_type) :: disp
19 disp = display_type(file = "main.out.F90")
20
21 kappa_RKH = 1.5_RKH
22 kappa_RKD = 1.5_RKD
23 kappa_RKS = 1.5_RKS
24
25 x_RKH = 2._RKH
26 x_RKD = 2._RKD
27 x_RKS = 2._RKS
28
29 call disp%skip()
30 call disp%show("!%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%")
31 call disp%show("!%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%")
32 call disp%show("! Compute the regularized Upper Incomplete Gamma Function using its Continued Fraction representation.")
33 call disp%show("!%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%")
34 call disp%show("!%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%")
35 call disp%skip()
36
37 call disp%skip()
38 call disp%show("x_RKS")
39 call disp%show( x_RKS )
40 call disp%show("kappa_RKS")
41 call disp%show( kappa_RKS )
42 call disp%show("call setGammaIncUppContFracNR(gamIncUpp_RKS, x_RKS, logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa_RKS), kappa = kappa_RKS, info = info)")
43 call setGammaIncUppContFracNR(gamIncUpp_RKS, x_RKS, logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa_RKS), kappa = kappa_RKS, info = info)
44 call disp%show("gamIncUpp_RKS")
45 call disp%show( gamIncUpp_RKS )
46 call disp%show("info")
47 call disp%show( info )
48 call disp%skip()
49
50 call disp%skip()
51 call disp%show("x_RKD")
52 call disp%show( x_RKD)
53 call disp%show("kappa_RKD")
54 call disp%show( kappa_RKD)
55 call disp%show("call setGammaIncUppContFracNR(gamIncUpp_RKD, x_RKD, logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa_RKD), kappa = kappa_RKD, info = info)")
56 call setGammaIncUppContFracNR(gamIncUpp_RKD, x_RKD, logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa_RKD), kappa = kappa_RKD, info = info)
57 call disp%show("gamIncUpp_RKD")
58 call disp%show( gamIncUpp_RKD)
59 call disp%show("info")
60 call disp%show( info )
61 call disp%skip()
62
63 call disp%skip()
64 call disp%show("x_RKH")
65 call disp%show( x_RKH )
66 call disp%show("kappa_RKH")
67 call disp%show( kappa_RKH )
68 call disp%show("call setGammaIncUppContFracNR(gamIncUpp_RKH, x_RKH, logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa_RKH), kappa = kappa_RKH, info = info)")
69 call setGammaIncUppContFracNR(gamIncUpp_RKH, x_RKH, logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa_RKH), kappa = kappa_RKH, info = info)
70 call disp%show("gamIncUpp_RKH")
71 call disp%show( gamIncUpp_RKH )
72 call disp%show("info")
73 call disp%show( info )
74 call disp%skip()
75
76 !%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
77 ! Output an example array of the regularized Upper Incomplete Gamma function for visualization.
78 !%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
79
80 block
81
82 use pm_arraySpace, only: setLinSpace
83 real(RKS) :: x_RKS(NP)
84 integer :: fileUnit, i
85
86 call setLinSpace(x_RKS, 0._RKS, 8._RKS)
87 open(newunit = fileUnit, file = "setGammaIncUppContFracNR.RK.txt")
88 do i = 1, NP
89 call setGammaIncUppContFracNR(gamIncUpp_RKS, x_RKS(i), logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa_RKS), kappa = kappa_RKS, info = info)
90 write(fileUnit,"(2(g0,:,' '))") x_RKS(i), gamIncUpp_RKS
91 end do
92 close(fileUnit)
93
94 end block
95
96end program example
Return the linSpace output argument with size(linSpace) elements of evenly-spaced values over the int...
This is a generic method of the derived type display_type with pass attribute.
Definition: pm_io.F90:11726
This is a generic method of the derived type display_type with pass attribute.
Definition: pm_io.F90:11508
This module contains procedures and generic interfaces for generating arrays with linear or logarithm...
This module contains classes and procedures for input/output (IO) or generic display operations on st...
Definition: pm_io.F90:252
type(display_type) disp
This is a scalar module variable an object of type display_type for general display.
Definition: pm_io.F90:11393
This module defines the relevant Fortran kind type-parameters frequently used in the ParaMonte librar...
Definition: pm_kind.F90:268
integer, parameter LK
The default logical kind in the ParaMonte library: kind(.true.) in Fortran, kind(....
Definition: pm_kind.F90:541
integer, parameter IK
The default integer kind in the ParaMonte library: int32 in Fortran, c_int32_t in C-Fortran Interoper...
Definition: pm_kind.F90:540
integer, parameter RKD
The double precision real kind in Fortran mode. On most platforms, this is an 64-bit real kind.
Definition: pm_kind.F90:568
integer, parameter SK
The default character kind in the ParaMonte library: kind("a") in Fortran, c_char in C-Fortran Intero...
Definition: pm_kind.F90:539
integer, parameter RKH
The scalar integer constant of intrinsic default kind, representing the highest-precision real kind t...
Definition: pm_kind.F90:858
integer, parameter RKS
The single-precision real kind in Fortran mode. On most platforms, this is an 32-bit real kind.
Definition: pm_kind.F90:567
Generate and return an object of type display_type.
Definition: pm_io.F90:10282

Example Unix compile command via Intel ifort compiler
1#!/usr/bin/env sh
2rm main.exe
3ifort -fpp -standard-semantics -O3 -Wl,-rpath,../../../lib -I../../../inc main.F90 ../../../lib/libparamonte* -o main.exe
4./main.exe

Example Windows Batch compile command via Intel ifort compiler
1del main.exe
2set PATH=..\..\..\lib;%PATH%
3ifort /fpp /standard-semantics /O3 /I:..\..\..\include main.F90 ..\..\..\lib\libparamonte*.lib /exe:main.exe
4main.exe

Example Unix / MinGW compile command via GNU gfortran compiler
1#!/usr/bin/env sh
2rm main.exe
3gfortran -cpp -ffree-line-length-none -O3 -Wl,-rpath,../../../lib -I../../../inc main.F90 ../../../lib/libparamonte* -o main.exe
4./main.exe

Example output
1
2!%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
3!%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
4! Compute the regularized Upper Incomplete Gamma Function using its Continued Fraction representation.
5!%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
6!%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
7
8
9x_RKS
10+2.00000000
11kappa_RKS
12+1.50000000
13call setGammaIncUppContFracNR(gamIncUpp_RKS, x_RKS, logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa_RKS), kappa = kappa_RKS, info = info)
14gamIncUpp_RKS
15+0.261464238
16info
17+8
18
19
20x_RKD
21+2.0000000000000000
22kappa_RKD
23+1.5000000000000000
24call setGammaIncUppContFracNR(gamIncUpp_RKD, x_RKD, logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa_RKD), kappa = kappa_RKD, info = info)
25gamIncUpp_RKD
26+0.26146412994911178
27info
28+39
29
30
31x_RKH
32+2.00000000000000000000000000000000000
33kappa_RKH
34+1.50000000000000000000000000000000000
35call setGammaIncUppContFracNR(gamIncUpp_RKH, x_RKH, logGammaKappa = log_gamma(kappa_RKH), kappa = kappa_RKH, info = info)
36gamIncUpp_RKH
37+0.261464129949110622202822075975924763
38info
39+180
40
41

Postprocessing of the example output
1#!/usr/bin/env python
2
3import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
4import pandas as pd
5import numpy as np
6import glob
7import sys
8
9fontsize = 17
10
11marker ={ "CK" : "-"
12 , "IK" : "."
13 , "RK" : "-"
14 }
15xlab = { "CK" : r"x ( real/imaginary )"
16 , "IK" : r"x ( integer-valued )"
17 , "RK" : r"x ( real-valued )"
18 }
19labels = [r"shape parameter: $\kappa = 2$"]
20
21for kind in ["IK", "CK", "RK"]:
22
23 pattern = "*." + kind + ".txt"
24 fileList = glob.glob(pattern)
25 if len(fileList) == 1:
26
27 df = pd.read_csv(fileList[0], delimiter = " ")
28
29 fig = plt.figure(figsize = 1.25 * np.array([6.4, 4.8]), dpi = 200)
30 ax = plt.subplot()
31
32 if kind == "CK":
33 plt.plot( df.values[:, 0]
34 , df.values[:,2]
35 , marker[kind]
36 , color = "r"
37 )
38 plt.plot( df.values[:, 1]
39 , df.values[:,3]
40 , marker[kind]
41 , color = "blue"
42 )
43 else:
44 plt.plot( df.values[:, 0]
45 , df.values[:, 1]
46 , marker[kind]
47 , color = "r"
48 )
49
50 plt.xticks(fontsize = fontsize - 2)
51 plt.yticks(fontsize = fontsize - 2)
52 ax.set_xlabel(xlab[kind], fontsize = fontsize)
53 ax.set_ylabel("Regularized Upper Incomplete Gamma\nFunction via Continued Fraction", fontsize = fontsize)
54
55 plt.grid(visible = True, which = "both", axis = "both", color = "0.85", linestyle = "-")
56 ax.tick_params(axis = "y", which = "minor")
57 ax.tick_params(axis = "x", which = "minor")
58
59 ax.legend ( labels
60 , fontsize = fontsize
61 #, loc = "center left"
62 #, bbox_to_anchor = (1, 0.5)
63 )
64
65 plt.savefig(fileList[0].replace(".txt",".png"))
66
67 elif len(fileList) > 1:
68
69 sys.exit("Ambiguous file list exists.")

Visualization of the example output
Test:
test_pm_mathGammaNR


Final Remarks


If you believe this algorithm or its documentation can be improved, we appreciate your contribution and help to edit this page's documentation and source file on GitHub.
For details on the naming abbreviations, see this page.
For details on the naming conventions, see this page.
This software is distributed under the MIT license with additional terms outlined below.

  1. If you use any parts or concepts from this library to any extent, please acknowledge the usage by citing the relevant publications of the ParaMonte library.
  2. If you regenerate any parts/ideas from this library in a programming environment other than those currently supported by this ParaMonte library (i.e., other than C, C++, Fortran, MATLAB, Python, R), please also ask the end users to cite this original ParaMonte library.

This software is available to the public under a highly permissive license.
Help us justify its continued development and maintenance by acknowledging its benefit to society, distributing it, and contributing to it.

Author:
Fatemeh Bagheri, Monday 12:36 pm, August 16, 2021, Dallas TX

Definition at line 963 of file pm_mathGammaNR.F90.


The documentation for this interface was generated from the following file: